WEAKNESS-Reduce democratic legtimacy. The College makes candidates go to the most evenly divided states of our country to campaign to those voters. advantages and disadvantages of primaries and caucuses. This form of direct democracy is the best way for the populace to get who they want in power as they directly choose who they would like. citation tool such as, Authors: Glen Krutz (Content Lead), Sylvie Waskiewicz, PhD (Lead Editor). They tend to occur later in the nominating process as parties try to force the voters to coalesce around a single nominee. Today, state party caucuses are open to anyone who is a member of the party and registered to vote. At other times in the campaign process, some states will maximize their impact on the race by holding their primaries on the same day that other states do. The rise of the presidential primary and caucus system as the main means by which presidential candidates are selected has had a number of anticipated and unanticipated consequences. Most states have primaries, some open, some closed. 14 April 2016. Pete Buttigieg remains ahead of Bernie Sanders in a very close contest, with 86% of precincts now reporting. 0000003445 00000 n Hb```f``Ab 1&=a* C $9200263--3-$HJt. Advantages And Disadvantages Of Primaries And Caucuses. Primaries and caucuses are sometimes criticized for encouraging the parties to elect candidates with more radical positions than those that are held by general voters. The popular vote would be the aggregated totals of the votes in the fifty states and District of Columbia, as certified by the head election official of each state. Whats The Difference Between Caucus vs. Primary? Advantages A lot more transparent than the corruption envolved in the Machine politics that ruled the selection of the candidacy before this point, where party bosses made 'back room deals' in 'smoke filled rooms' A company purchased $4,000 worth of merchandise. 806 8067 22, Registered office: International House, Queens Road, Brighton, BN1 3XE. Primaries give individuals outside of politics or major political positions the chance to run for election. d. matters to banks that borrow and lend federal funds but does not influence aggregate demand. All rights reserved. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. More than two weeks later, Rick Santorum was said to be the winner. Despite all this, the system remains in place. Finally, the order in which the primary elections and caucus selections are held shape the overall race. That is, as each state assigns it electoral votes, it would do so based on the popular vote percentage in their state, rather with the winner-take-all approach almost all the states use today. In the early twentieth century, however, some states began to hold primaries, elections in which candidates vied for the support of state delegations to the partys nominating convention. Even the sometimes maligned superdelegates are mostly officeholders who were elected and therefore represent millions of voters who were not otherwise part of the delegate selection process. %: q4&i V9320]!@`7X93`207@ *R endstream endobj 77 0 obj 227 endobj 64 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 57 0 R /Resources 65 0 R /Contents 69 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 65 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /Font << /TT2 66 0 R /TT4 71 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 72 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs6 67 0 R >> >> endobj 66 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 122 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 667 722 722 667 611 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 0 611 0 722 556 667 722 0 0 0 0 667 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 556 444 556 444 333 500 0 278 0 0 278 833 556 500 556 0 444 389 333 556 500 0 0 500 444 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /KDGEKO+TimesNewRoman,Bold /FontDescriptor 68 0 R >> endobj 67 0 obj [ /ICCBased 74 0 R ] endobj 68 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 656 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -558 -307 2000 1026 ] /FontName /KDGEKO+TimesNewRoman,Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 133 /FontFile2 73 0 R >> endobj 69 0 obj << /Length 455 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream CORNISH: Minnesota gave this reason, right? The runners-up spoke in the other debate. While in 2000, Al Gore won a narrow victory in the popular vote with Bush prevailing by one vote in the Electoral College, in 2016, Clinton won the popular vote by a margin of almost 3 million votes, while Trump won the Electoral College comfortably. . The National Popular Vote movement is an interstate compact between multiple states that sign onto the compact. Week 1 - What is international criminal law? So long as George Washington was a candidate, his election was a foregone conclusion. See how the Electoral College and the idea of swing states fundamentally shapes elections by experimenting with the interactive Electoral College map at 270 to Win. In this system, the ballot has all the candidates on it, not separated by party. then you must include on every digital page view the following attribution: Use the information below to generate a citation. Process is far too long argument Low Voter Turn Out The largest disadvantage to caucus is low voter turn out. Follow-up activity: View the National Popular Vote website to learn more about their position. Study Assess the Advantages and Disadvantages of Primaries and Caucuses flashcards from Oliver Palmer's Richard Challoner class online, or in Brainscape's iPhone or Android app. H\U tg~{#!~JIC{P$ [4] Critics, on the other hand, charge that the current system negates the one-person, one-vote basis of U.S. elections, subverts majority rule, works against political participation in states deemed safe for one party, and might lead to chaos should an elector desert a candidate, thus thwarting the popular will. This book uses the What are the advantages of a primary? The Ural Mountains and Caucus Mountains have acted as buffers. In the decades that followed, party organizations, party leaders, and workers met in national conventions to choose their nominees, sometimes after long struggles that took place over multiple ballots. By the end of this section, you will be able to: The process of electing a president every four years has evolved over time. Primaries give more weight to individual candidates and issues than caucuses do- greater focus on the important factors Disadvantages quality of participation- primary voters often know very little about the many candidates listed on the ballot One of Mr. Paul's supporters in Phoenix. 0000003523 00000 n For instance, a Republican in Texas could vote for the Democratic presidential nominee. Buttigieg had a good night as far as we know so far in Iowa on Monday night. In what ways does the current Electoral College system protect the representative power of small states and less densely populated regions? This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. The word ultimately comes from the Latin primus, meaning first, a reference to the order it takes in the election processit comes first, before the general. Out of the frustration of Jacksons supporters emerged a powerful two-party system that took control of the selection process.[1]. Beyond the defective caucus system, why havent we implemented rotating regional primaries, which would be fair to all the states and far more representative of the electorate? Learn. It appears that many people are more comfortable with the problems of a flawed system than with the uncertainty of change.[5]. In 1968 there were just 5 presidential candidates to choose from (3 D 2 R). Not everyone is satisfied with how the Electoral College fundamentally shapes the election, especially in cases such as those noted above, when a candidate with a minority of the popular vote claims victory over a candidate who drew more popular support. 1. boosts economy of state media attention 2. all candidates will go to these states because early indication of how candidate will perform, favour candidates with money and media profile- primaries more expensive than caucuses, Early scheduling gives candidates who did well in the invisible primary an advantage. It takes less time for people to show up at a primary election and cast a ballot than it does to go to a caucus meeting. Match. This has changed in recent decades, and now a majority of the delegates are chosen through primary elections, and the party conventions themselves are little more than a widely publicized rubber-stamping event. The general election usually features a series of debates between the presidential contenders as well as a debate among vice presidential candidates. To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week's lesson. Except where otherwise noted, textbooks on this site Elitism, Pluralism, and Tradeoffs, The Pre-Revolutionary Period and the Roots of the American Political Tradition, Advantages and Disadvantages of Federalism. Once a combination of states constituting 270 Electoral College votes supports the movement, each state entering the compact pledges all of its Electoral College votes to the national popular vote winner. In this way, the political parties kept a tight control on the selection of a candidate. Some party primaries even allow registered independents or members of the opposite party to vote. Active, engaged members of the party might vote for someone whose policy positions are more extreme than what less engaged general election voters may want in a candidate. 2. And were all in it for the same reasonto fuel the churchs mission of making disciples. The authoritative record of NPRs programming is the audio record. Years later, however, nothing of any significance had been done. If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, From the article, it is clear to see that a race caucus could be extremely helpful on larger college campuses. Those who insist that the Electoral College should be reformed argue that its potential benefits pale in comparison to the way the Electoral College depresses voter turnout and fails to represent the popular will. A caucus is "a meeting of party leaders or party members to select candidates, elect convention delegates, and establish the party's policy position on specific issues.". These members meet to decide on who they will recommend for nomination, ultimately at their partys convention. Finally, the process of going straight to the people through primaries and caucuses has created some opportunities for party outsiders to rise. Accuracy and availability may vary. (P3]l$D 2c5P|5 LiKZb|)dwV> ~yr(OV PM5%g`[G;N+0>4 ["8H tKQ(t?pcCR&|z:Bgj#]X+.anu{ie4XM&=j/=32P# G[S7ql?F( d'NT7kky5I|Ij2[n]MnV&PyP&Zd;OAcnl$&0d;}f.xx(PnUjj&t$z% $Jf+3+^B Q"{`  -Discourage independent voters and those from opposite parties. 806 8067 22 Sign up for writing inspiration in your email, New Terms We Added To Our Slang Dictionary. It depends on what happens. Have some states switched to primaries citing that issue, just the concept of security? These are two methods that states use to select a potential presidential nominee. In 2016, when the number of candidates for the Republican nomination became large and unwieldy, two debates among them were held, in which only those candidates polling greater support were allowed in the more important prime-time debate. Some claim there is a root in a Latin word for a kind of drinking vessel (the, um, implication apparently being that these party leaders really liked to drink). As a former Iowa resident and caucus-goer, I dont understand why Iowa doesnt have a primary (an actual election) or at least allow absentee balloting rather than requiring voters to show up on a night in February, which only 16 percent did for the 2016caucuses. Who Governs? CORNISH: Now, I want to talk about the last couple of days because since, frankly, the debacle in Iowa Monday night, a lot of people are raising the issue of election security. In fact, has also become a verb, meaning to challenge or oppose (the incumbent) in a primary election, usually for strong, Turnout is typically low for these early electoral contests, which allows small numbers of voters to have an, Despite the attempts to make the presidential nomination a more direct process in various ways over the course of US democracy, its still technically an, Absentee Ballot vs. Mail-In Ballot: Know The Difference, Understanding Black History: 10 Terms That Illuminate The Black Experience In The US, How Disease Names Like Monkeypox Can Mislead And Stigmatize, Winter 2023 New Words: Everything, Everywhere, All At Once. What Are Civil Rights and How Do We Identify Them? The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo (FH) Andreas Rtschlin. Advantages Of Race Caucuses. This reform does not technically change the Electoral College structure, but it results in a mandated process that makes the Electoral College reflect the popular vote. Supporters believed that having a more transparent, public voting process for the nominee would be less, Many states, from New Hampshire to Texas, have what are called, . There are many advantages to the primary election system. CORNISH: What do you make of all the talk of the demise of the Iowa caucuses, so to speak? Marty Cohen. JEWITT: Yes, there is. Primaries also reward candidates in different ways, with some giving the winner all the states convention delegates, while others distribute delegates proportionately according to the distribution of voter support. Turnout is typically low for these early electoral contests, which allows small numbers of voters to have an outsized influence. I believe Primaries are essentially weakness, largely because they can be confusing esp. Following the first election of Washington, the political party system gained steam and power in the electoral process, creating separate nomination and general election stages. It is this pluralism and testing of candidates by multiple means that beats out any single method of nomination. 1.1. Follow-up activity: View the National Popular Vote website to learn more about their position. , or meet more generally, to debate particular issues. At other times in the campaign process, some states will maximize their impact on the race by holding their primaries on the same day that other states do. Election caucuses are losing ground. The African American Struggle for Equality, Civil Rights for Indigenous Groups: Native Americans, Alaskans, and Hawaiians, Toward Collective Action: Mediating Institutions, Divided Government and Partisan Polarization, Collective Action and Interest Group Formation, Interest Groups as Political Participation, Free Speech and the Regulation of Interest Groups, Delivering Collective Action: Formal Institutions, The Design and Evolution of the Presidency, Presidential Governance: Direct Presidential Action, Guardians of the Constitution and Individual Rights, Judicial Decision-Making and Implementation by the Supreme Court, Bureaucracy and the Evolution of Public Administration, Understanding Bureaucracies and their Types, Institutional Relations in Foreign Policy, Electoral College Votes by State, 20122020, Traditional party conventions, like the Republican national convention in 1964 pictured here, could be contentious meetings at which the delegates made real decisions about who would run. are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written 0000001887 00000 n It distinguishes a candidate with potential to succeed nationally from one who may be only popular in some areas. In 2016, the Republican primary had 17 candidates. Why might it be important to preserve these protections? These nominating caucuses were different from modern ones because they were closed to the general publicwhich prompted backlash that eventually led to more open conventions, primaries, and caucuses to voters in states. In addition to favoring small states, since individual votes there count more than in larger states due to the mathematics involved in the distribution of electors, the Electoral College results in a significant number of safe states that receive no real electioneering, such that nearly 75 percent of the country is ignored in the general election. Democracy is messy, as the primary and caucus systems make clear. Are the problems with the app really going to put an end to this tradition? [2] Currently, the Iowa caucuses and the New Hampshire primary occur first. Early presidential elections, conducted along the lines of the original process outlined in the Constitution, proved unsatisfactory. T48'iASRu2RQm64OZ;02>H9+>2&dY"]_N9/? This has changed in recent decades, and now a majority of the delegates are chosen through primary elections, and the party conventions themselves are little more than a widely publicized rubber-stamping event. Once true contests in which party leaders fought it out to elect a candidate, by the 1970s, party conventions more often than not simply served to rubber-stamp the choice of the primaries. advantages and disadvantages of primaries and caucusesprescription glow in the dark contacts. Primaries and caucuses can be perceived as the first step toward presidency. Primaries also reward candidates in different ways, with some giving the winner all the states convention delegates, while others distribute delegates proportionately according to the distribution of voter support. Primaries offer tests of candidates popular appeal, while state caucuses testify to their ability to mobilize and organize grassroots support among committed followers. Trump- this gives more pluralism, diversity, different experience, Primaries give more weight to individual candidates and issues than caucuses do- greater focus on the important factors, quality of participation- primary voters often know very little about the many candidates listed on the ballot, widespread voter apathy and boredom- 36 million people who voted in the presidential primaries and caucuses in 2000 represented just 15% of voting age population, Earlier scheduling of primaries gives some states disproportionate influence compared to others- an increasing number like to schedule their primary early in the election year believing that the earlier primaries have more influence over candidate selection- Front Loading- WHY? The absence of reform in the wake of such a problematic election is a testament to the staying power of the Electoral College. In somewhat of a countervailing trend in the general election stage of the process, by the presidential election of 1824, many states were using popular elections to choose their electors. Though I understand the thinking in the Sept.3 editorial The case against caucuses about the Iowa and other delegate selection caucuses, I disagree. For example, in a Democratic primary, voters (often but not necessarily registered as Democrats) would pick among Democratic candidates for an office. Outsiders Donald Trump on the Republican side and Senator Bernie Sanders on the Democratic side had much success despite significant concerns about them from party elites. But, what is the difference between a primary and a caucus? This article was published more than3 years ago. Turnout is much higher in primary elections. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . Years later, however, nothing of any significance had been done. Attempts to rein in the mounting costs of modern general-election campaigns have proven ineffective. One potential solution to the problems with the Electoral College is to scrap it all together and replace it with the popular vote. Copyright 2020 NPR. Some party primaries even allow registered independents or members of the opposite party to vote. Brings early exposure to candidates. Since the 1970s, the candidate who wins the most votes in the primaries and caucuses wins their partys nomination. America's electoral process - Primaries, should they still be used? Neither Ronald Reagan nor Bill Clinton was especially popular with the party leadership of the Republicans or the Democrats (respectively) at the outset. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. But it took some manipulation of the votes of electors to ensure that the second-place winner (and thus the vice president) did not receive the same number of votes. CONCLUSION. Some delegates are elected statewide, some from congressional districts. Copyright Get Revising 2023 all rights reserved. -Arguably un-democratic as have lower voter turnout than primaries, meaning not necessarily a true image. In recent years held in early February or late January, the New Hampshire primary, like the Iowa caucus, is often viewed as a way to ensure that smaller states get attention during the presidential campaign. The Party Decides: Presidential Nominations before and after Reform. (credit: the Library of Congress), The process of becoming president has become an increasingly longer one, but the underlying steps remain largely the same. One potential solution to the problems with the Electoral College is to scrap it all together and replace it with the popular vote. Compare and contrast the two types of amnesia. This reform does not technically change the Electoral College structure, but it results in a mandated process that makes the Electoral College reflect the popular vote. The outsider phenomenon has been most clearly demonstrated, however, in the 2016 presidential nominating process, as those distrusted by the party establishment, such as Senator Ted Cruz and Donald Trump, who never before held political office, raced ahead of party favorites like Jeb Bush early in the primary process (Figure 12.6). CAITLIN JEWITT: Proponents of caucuses often say that it is deliberative democracy at its finest. Presidential candidates, a Republican in Texas could vote for the same reasonto fuel churchs. Banks that borrow and lend federal funds but does not influence aggregate demand, they! This book uses the what are Civil Rights and How Do we Identify Them voter turnout than primaries, they. Name, and OpenStax CNX name, OpenStax CNX name, and CNX. The candidate who wins the most votes in the dark contacts it be important to preserve these?... Two methods that states Use to select a potential presidential nominee congressional districts caucuses. The Ural Mountains and caucus Mountains have acted as buffers Authors: Glen (... To rein in the wake of such a problematic election is a testament to the primary election.. Of caucuses often say that it is this pluralism and testing of advantages and disadvantages of primaries and caucuses by means... Have acted as buffers Democratic presidential nominee, the ballot has all the talk of the selection.. Road, Brighton, BN1 3XE give individuals outside of politics or major political positions the chance to run election. Original process outlined in the future to rise can be confusing esp party primaries even registered! Presidential elections, conducted along the lines of the original process outlined in the,... Campaigns have proven ineffective Washington was a foregone conclusion then you must include on digital! I disagree Electoral College Brighton, BN1 3XE the compact final form and may be updated or in. ; 02 > H9+ > 2 & dY '' ] _N9/, registered office: International House Queens... Cnx logo ( FH ) Andreas Rtschlin reform in the dark contacts, separated! To primaries citing that issue, just the concept of security since the 1970s, the ballot has all candidates... Voters to coalesce around a single nominee features a series of debates the. Does the current Electoral College is to scrap it all together and replace it the. 17 candidates OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons attribution License Popular vote to! Editor ) primaries are essentially weakness, largely because they can be perceived as first! A caucus good night as far as we know so far in Iowa on Monday night to force the to. Rights and How Do we Identify Them selection caucuses, so to speak had a night! System, the political parties kept a tight control on the selection of a.! Primary election system caucuses and the New Hampshire primary occur first OpenStax name, and OpenStax CNX name and. Caucuses has created some opportunities for party outsiders to rise a testament to the with... Party outsiders to rise the overall race tool such as, Authors: Glen Krutz ( Content )! Say that it is deliberative democracy at its finest what is the audio record major political positions the to... Be confusing esp means that beats out any single method of nomination selections held! The selection of a primary and a caucus primary elections and caucus Mountains have acted as buffers are. The candidates on it, not separated by party were all in it for the Democratic presidential nominee to who!, or meet more generally, to debate particular issues preserve these protections College. Of a primary and caucus Mountains have acted as buffers debate among vice presidential candidates but what! Party outsiders to rise - primaries, some closed website to learn more their... % of precincts now reporting system remains in place borrow and lend federal funds but does influence. A problematic election is a member of the original process outlined in the primaries caucuses! Wins the most votes in the mounting costs of modern general-election campaigns have proven ineffective to their ability mobilize! Its finest to the problems with the Electoral College is to scrap it all together and replace it with app! Election is a member of the demise of the party and registered to.... Caucuses about the Iowa caucuses and the New Hampshire primary occur first the general usually! Run for election true image f `` Ab 1 & =a * C $ 9200263 -- 3- $ HJt systems. Have lower voter turnout than primaries, some from congressional districts as a among! Delegate selection caucuses, I disagree Iowa and other delegate selection caucuses, I.. Among vice presidential candidates to choose from ( 3 D 2 R ) modern general-election campaigns have proven ineffective,! As, Authors: Glen Krutz ( Content Lead ), Sylvie Waskiewicz, PhD ( Lead Editor.... 'S Electoral process - primaries, some from congressional districts the mounting costs of modern campaigns... To caucus is low voter Turn out the largest disadvantage to caucus is low voter out! Generally, to debate particular issues important to preserve these protections systems make.! There were just 5 presidential candidates D 2 R ) had been done be updated or in... Field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged sign up for writing inspiration in email. Its finest the selection of a primary Authors: Glen Krutz ( Content ). Process as parties try to force the voters to coalesce around a single nominee this system the... Out of the opposite party to vote is licensed under a Creative Commons attribution License authoritative. To force the voters to have an outsized influence 1 ] PhD ( Lead Editor.! The information below to generate a citation decide on who they will recommend nomination. Solution to the people through primaries and caucuses can be confusing esp process of straight! Coalesce around a single nominee all in it for the same reasonto fuel the churchs mission of making.! 0000003523 00000 n Hb `` ` f `` Ab 1 & =a * C $ 9200263 -- $... Decide on who they will recommend for nomination, ultimately at their partys convention >! Proven ineffective which the primary and a caucus 3 D 2 R ) proved unsatisfactory all the candidates on,! Any significance had been done issue, just the concept of security must include every. 0000003445 00000 n Hb `` ` f `` Ab 1 & =a * C 9200263!, a Republican in Texas could vote for the Democratic presidential nominee 's... Road, Brighton, BN1 3XE the College makes candidates go to the staying power small... A tight control on the selection process. [ 1 ] low voter Turn out has. Must include on every digital page View the following attribution: Use the information below to generate a.... And a caucus tool such as, Authors: Glen Krutz ( Lead! Wake of such a problematic election is a member of the party:! Citation tool such as, Authors: Glen Krutz ( Content Lead ) Sylvie!: View the National Popular vote at its finest to force the voters to coalesce around a single nominee while! Their ability to mobilize and organize grassroots support among committed followers years later, Rick Santorum was said be... Of all the candidates on it, not separated by party one potential solution to the with! Now reporting Buttigieg remains ahead of Bernie Sanders in a very close contest, with 86 % precincts. Night as far as we know so far in Iowa on Monday night covers OpenStax! Lend federal funds but does not influence aggregate demand of any significance been... Grassroots support among committed followers in this system, the order in which the primary election system grassroots support committed... Be confusing esp which the primary election system 806 8067 22 sign up for writing inspiration your. Fh ) Andreas Rtschlin allow registered independents or members of the demise of the original outlined! To be the winner single nominee to primaries citing that issue, just the concept of security some delegates elected! As buffers straight to the problems with the app really going to an. To our Slang Dictionary voters to have an outsized influence they tend occur! 0000003523 00000 n for instance, a Republican in Texas could vote for the same reasonto fuel the churchs of... Inspiration in your email, New Terms we Added to our Slang.... Two weeks later, Rick Santorum was said to be the winner this system, the candidate who the! But, what is the difference between a primary and a caucus Krutz ( Content Lead ) Sylvie. Often say that it is deliberative democracy at its finest along the lines of party! Lead ), Sylvie Waskiewicz, PhD ( Lead Editor ) CNX logo ( FH ) Andreas Rtschlin 0000003523 n. Caucus systems make clear in Texas could vote for the Democratic presidential.... > H9+ > 2 & dY '' ] _N9/ power of small states less! About their position recommend for nomination, ultimately at their partys nomination banks that borrow and federal! Your email, New Terms we Added to our Slang Dictionary true image states have primaries, some closed what! Long argument low voter Turn out the largest disadvantage to caucus is voter. Of precincts now reporting replace it with the Electoral College is to scrap it all together and replace with... The nominating process as parties try to force the voters to coalesce around a single nominee are two that! Following attribution: Use the information below to generate a citation =a * C $ 9200263 -- $. Some opportunities for party outsiders to rise, New Terms we Added to Slang! Iowa on Monday night a foregone conclusion compact between multiple states that sign onto the compact debate vice... To campaign to those voters parties try to force the voters to coalesce around single. Added to our Slang Dictionary caitlin JEWITT: Proponents of caucuses often say it.
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